Strahlentherapie und Onkologie

Abstracts DEGRO 2019

Combination of brachytherapy and chemotherapy not superior to pelvic radiotherapy according to GOG-249

Reply to: Combination of brachytherapy and chemotherapy not superior to pelvic radiotherapy according to GOG-249

Universelle genetische Testungen gegen die Unterdiagnose von erblichem Brustkrebs

FOLFIRINOX nach Resektion von Pankreaskarzinomen setzt neue Maßstäbe – Systemtherapie als Impulsgeber für eine Lokaltherapie beim resektablen Pankreaskarzinom

Lateral pelvine Lymphknoten beim lokal fortgeschrittenen Rektumkarzinom – eine unterschätzte Rezidivlokalisation?

Is there a patient population with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region who might benefit from de-intensification of postoperative radiotherapy? Abstract Purpose The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of a previously defined low-risk patient population with completely resected (R0) squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx (pT1–3, pN0–pN2b), hypopharynx (pT1–2, pN0–pN1), and the indication for postoperative radio(chemo)therapy. Patients and methods According to predefined criteria, 99 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who were treated at our institution from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2014, were available for analysis. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for calculating survival and incidence rates. For univariate comparative analysis, the log-rank test was used for analyzing prognostic clinicopathologic parameters. Results Median follow-up was 67 months. Cumulative overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 97.9%/94.7%/88.0% and 96.9%/92.6%/84.7% after 1, 2, and 5 years, respectively. Cumulative incidence of loco-regional recurrence (LRR), distant metastases (DM), and second cancer (SC) were 1.0%/1.0%/4.9%, 0.0%/3.4%/5.8%, and 2.1%/4.2%/13.1%, respectively. In univariate comparative analysis, location of the primary tumor in the oropharynx was a significant predictor for increased OS (p = 0.043) and DFS (p = 0.048). Conclusion Considering the low disease relapse rates and high rates of therapy-induced late side effects, as well as the increased risk of developing SC, a prospective multicentric trial investigating de-escalation of radiotherapy in this clearly defined low-risk patient population was started and is still recruiting patients (DIREKHT-Trial, NCT02528955).

Radiotherapy-induced dysphagia and its impact on quality of life in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Abstract Purpose To investigate the swallowing status and its impact on quality of life (QOL) in patients who underwent radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods In this study, 334 patients with NPC who underwent radiotherapy were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSSs), and scores of the World Health Organization quality of life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) were retrospectively analyzed for all patients. Results In this study, 143 of 334 (42.8%) patients showed dysphagia. The nodular stage N3 of NPC, neoadjuvant and concurrent chemotherapy were clinical predictors for dysphagia. VFSS of patients with dysphagia showed a high incidence of vallecular residue (100%), apraxia (99%), premature bolus loss (98%), bolus formation (98%), pyriform sinus residue (95%), and mastication (94%). Moreover, WHOQOL-BREF scores for the physical health, psychological, and environment domains were lower of the dysphagia group than those of the control group (P < 0.01). Videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale scores showed significant negative correlations with scores for the physical health (R = −0.66, P < 0.01), psychological (R = −0.70, P < 0.01), social relationships (R = −0.56, P < 0.01), and environment (R = −0.61, P < 0.01) domains of WHOQOL-BREF. Conclusions Radiotherapy-induced dysphagia is common in NPC patients and is correlated with poor quality of life. Patients, caregivers, and clinical physicians should be aware of these adverse effects and provide timely treatment for radiotherapy-induced dysphagia in collaboration with cross-disciplinary colleagues.

CT-based dose recalculations in head and neck cancer radiotherapy: comparison of daily dose recalculations to less time-consuming approaches Abstract Background The goal of this study was to investigate if daily dose recalculations are necessary or if less time-consuming approaches can be used to identify dose differences to the planned dose in patients with head and neck cancers (H&N). Methods For 12 H&N patients treated with helical tomotherapy, daily dose calculations were performed retrospectively. Four different summation doses (SuDo) were calculated: DayDo (daily dose calculation), MVCTx2, MVCTx5, and MVCTx10 (dose calculations every second, fifth, and tenth fraction). Dose recalculations were depicted on the last contoured mega voltage CT (MVCT). The DayDo was compared to the planned dose and to the less time-consuming SuDo scenarios. The doses were assessed for the planning target volume (PTV) and the organs at risk (OARs): mandible (mand), spinal cord (SC), spinal cord +5 mm (SC+5 mm), parotid glands (PG). Results The ipsilateral PG, contralateral PG, and PTV volume decreased by −22.5% (range: −34.8 to 5.2%), −19.5% (−31.5 to 15.8%), and −2.6% (−16.7 to 0.2%), respectively. There was a significant median mean dose (Dmean) dose difference for DayDo compared to the planned dose for PG total of 1.9 Gy (−3.3 to 7.3 Gy). But less time-consuming SuDo compared to DayDo showed statistically significant but not clinically relevant (<2%) dose differences for several organs. Hence the small dose difference to the gold standard (DayDo), we recommend dose recalculations every fifth MVCT in order to identify the occurrence of dose differences compared to the planned dose. Conclusion Daily dose calculations are the most precise to assess dose differences between actual and planned dose. Dose recalculations on every fifth MVCT (i. e., weekly control CTs) are an applicable and time-saving way of identifying patients with significant dose differences compared to the planned dose.

Favorable radiation field decrease in gastric marginal zone lymphoma Abstract Purpose Long-term impact of stage-adapted field reduction in a large cohort of gastric marginal zone lymphoma (gMZL) patients treated conservatively with curative radiation therapy (RT). Patients and methods Prospective analysis of paper records of 290 patients with stage IE–IIE gMZL, treated in 78 radiotherapeutic institutions in Germany from 1992–2013. Stage-adapted radiation fields decreased from extended field (EF) to involved field (IF) over the course of three consecutive prospective trials of the German Study Group on Gastrointestinal Lymphoma (DSGL). Treatment results were compared between the three cohorts. Results Overall collective with median age of 60 years, slight male predominance (m:f = 1.1:1) and ratio of disease stage I:stage II = 2.1:1. Median follow-up 6.4 years in total: 13.0 years in the first gastrointestinal study (GIT 1992), 8.2 years in the second (GIT 1996) and 4.7 years in the third study (DSGL 01/2003). Stage-adapted radiation field decrease together with further technological development led to reduced relative frequencies of acute/chronic adverse effects and until now was accompanied by lower disease recurrence. The third study design with smallest field size (IF in stage I, locoregional EF in stage II) achieved the best survival outcome at the 5‑year follow-up (overall survival 92.7%, event-free survival 89.5% and lymphoma-specific survival 100.0%). Disease relapse observed in 10 patients. Cumulative incidence of disease-specific death was 1.7% of the followed patients. Primary disease stage associated with lymphoma-specific survival. Conclusion Stage-adapted reduction towards IF in gMZL resulted in favorable adverse effects, local control and survival rates. These results support further decreases in modern RT of gMZL.

Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182

6948891480

alsfakia@gmail.com